It's been a while. Just so I have something to put up, I'll put up the short study I did Monday on Barnabas. Enjoy.
Joseph called Barnabas, “son of Consolation”
References to BarnabasActs 4:36; 9:27; 11:22, 25, 30; 12:25; 13:1-2, 7, 43, 46, 50; 14:12, 14, 20; 15:2, 12, 22, 25, 35-37, 39; 1 Cor 9:6; Gal 2:1, 9, 13; Col 4:10.
Overview Barnabas was a Levite, a Jew, who was from the isle of Cyprus (Acts 4:36). His given name was not Barnabas, but rather Joses or Joseph. In Acts 4:36 it explains that Barnabas was the name that he was called by the disciples because of his active service in the encouragement of the saints. Directly translated from Bar-Nabas or Son of Nabas, despite the explanation given in the text by Luke, is the meaning “son of prophecy.” The name is of Chaldee or Aramaic origin. From this nickname he was given, it can be assumed that he has the gift of prophecy, perhaps combined with the gift of teaching as alluded to in Acts 13:1.
We can assume that Barnabas was somewhat well off as far as Roman Empire average standards went. He was likely of upper middle class since he was a landowner. In Acts 4:37 the text states that he, “sold it, and brought the money, and laid it at the apostles’ feet.”
Barnabas was great at finding young men with gift and training them up. He did this most notably with Saul/Paul and John Mark. Barnabas’ ministry was mostly done with Paul (1 Cor. 9:6) where they reached many with the gospel and had many wonders and miracles done through them by God among the Gentiles (Acts 15:12). From his ministry, we can see that among other things, he was a great shepherd and encourager.
MinistryRaising Saul: a work of a good and trustworthy shepherd Barnabas must have been visiting Damascus, sent to warn those in Damascus of Saul’s coming, or had connections and a communication network to the saints there since he was able to commend Saul to the apostles in Jerusalem. Acts 9:27 states how Barnabas knew and explained to apostles Saul’s conversion story along with the fruit of his salvation. His outward evidence of the inward change was the fact that Barnabas witnessed him preaching boldly in Damascus the name of Jesus.
He was trusted by those in Jerusalem to go out and see the movement of salvation, as well as teach them further the scriptures, among the Hellenists at Antioch. He continued in this work before going to Tarsus to bring Saul back to work with him where tremendous results ensued. It was here that the disciples and followers of The Way were first called Christians. Barnabas was also one trusted by the Christians in Antioch, since he and Saul were sent bearing relief for the brothers in Judaea.
The words in Acts 11:23-24 help to explain to us what type of man Barnabas was. When he arrives to this place and saw the work of God he brought gladness. He was able to exercise his gift in exhorting the people so, “that they would cleave unto the Lord.” Luke writes about him calling him a “good man,” one who was, “full of the Holy Ghost and of faith.” Barnabas did a tremendous work in building up the church at Antioch because of his character and utilization of his gifts. He shows also his character by going to Tarsus to find Saul to help him when the work becomes large. It can be assumed that the work became too large for him to handle, and instead of trying to do all the work himself and bring excess glory upon himself, he knew the man for the job who could help him while developing his spiritual gift: Saul.
One of the great works spearheaded by Barnabas and Saul that is often overlooked, was done in Jerusalem during their time there in Acts 12. In Acts 12:24, which cannot be solely attributed to Barnabas and Saul no doubt, it says, “the word of God grew and multiplied.” This may indicate that Barnabas and Saul had a large part in this work, at least at the outset, before the next verse indicates that they worked themselves out of their position. Likely in this time, along with the other apostles, they began to see converts saved before shepherding them until they were able to take on extra responsibility, or raised up other young believers to take over the work that they had begun. Once the overseeing Saul and Barnabas felt a new and young believer capable of taking on the ministry, it was time for them to move on.
One of the many examples of Barnabas helping to raise up younger men to help them develop their gifts is at the end of Acts 12 when Saul and Barnabas decide to take John Mark with them. The work begun and lessons learned in this young man would likely later help him be set apart by the Holy Spirit to write the Gospel of Mark. From Colossians 4:10 a further association with Mark is made where it states that John Mark and Barnabas were cousins.
Set Apart: A Fourteen Year Mission A new chapter in Barnabas’ life began after he returned to Antioch with Saul. There were a good number of teachers and prophets in that place, but the Spirit of the Lord set apart Barnabas and Saul for a work which would have them take the gospel to many places for a 14 year period, until later they would return again to Jerusalem bringing Titus with them (Galatians 2:1). With the Lord’s blessing, the second place Barnabas took the gospel with Paul was Cyprus, his home country.
An interesting note is that Barnabas was able to be part of the very first gospel meeting. A gospel meeting can be defined as a meeting of people in a designated place at a specific time for the purpose of the gospel being preached. In Acts 14:44 such an event took place, where on that “Sabbath day came almost the whole city together to hear the word of God.”
At this point in his life, it seems that Barnabas is starting to take a back seat to Paul. Barnabas would still be considered as the leader, but Paul is emerging as one of the greatest gospel preachers of all time. After being called by the Holy Spirit to the work in Acts 13-14, when their names are listed together, Paul’s name comes first and sometimes Barnabas is just assumed as being “one of the companions.” It’s an amazing thing to see at this point in Barnabas’ life that it was in his character not be trying to cramp Paul, or wanting people to listen to him instead of Paul. Barnabas being a spiritually mature Christian sees his place still as a leader but not as a speaker unless Paul was in need of additional support at urgent times (Acts 13:46, 14:14).
Support for Barnabas being the leader can be found in Acts 14:12. Barnabas is called here, “Zeus” or “Jupiter,” who was the chief of the gods. Paul is called, “Mercurius,” or “Hermes,” who was the messenger god and the chief speaker of the group. Barnabas and Paul were two men whose gifts complimented each other very well, and may well have been the best gospel pairing of missionaries ever.
Following this experience and the stoning of Paul, Paul and Barnabas went to Derbe. There they preached and gave teaching before journeying back to Antioch through Lystra and Iconium to disciple and check up on converts from their work in those cities. Since Paul and Barnabas making a point to go back through Lystra and Iconium, it is a reminder for the need of discipleship after salvation.
Return to Jerusalem: Facing the Apostles After spending many years in Antioch, teaching came out of Judaea that it was necessary for a believer to be circumcised from them to be saved. As a result, Barnabas and Paul went back to Jerusalem with others to consult and convince the apostles and elders in Jerusalem that this was false teaching. In Galatians 2:13 it records that even Barnabas was swayed to these ideas coming out of Jerusalem while visiting the Apostles. It is here where Paul stood face to face with Peter and rebuked him for the teaching of a work like circumcision being necessary for salvation.
Departure from Paul: A Contention Causing Cousin The final biblical record of Barnabas, though we know his ministry goes on because he is recorded in Colossians and 1 Corinthians, is one of contention between himself and Paul. They come to a disagreement as to who to take on their next journey with them. Barnabas chose his cousin John Mark, but Paul thought it was best for them to take another since Mark had withdrew from the work they took him on once before. Barnabas, determined to give Mark another chance, left with contention between himself and Paul and sailed with Mark to Cyprus his home country. Paul took Silas, who was recommended by the brethren in Antioch.
Conclusion It is evident from a short study of Barnabas that we cannot pass him off as a man any that is any less important than even the apostle Paul, though they had a famous disagreement that led to their departure from one another. Barnabas was one of the great men in the days of the early church for teaching, encouraging, prophesying, and taking less spiritually mature men under his wing and helping them to develop their gifts. He is one who first brought Paul into the work, knowing that Paul had been commissioned by God and set apart for Him for a special purpose.
He was good, trustworthy, bold, displayed leadership, displayed humility, loved his home country, was full of the Holy Spirit and was willing to give others a second chance. We cannot determine the success of Barnabas’ future ministry after the separation from Paul because Luke only documents Paul’s journeys. Truly Barnabas was a man of God; a great leader in the early church, a vessel used by God to help develop possibly the greatest gospel preacher in Paul, and can be a role model for young people with gospel and missionary aspirations. Barnabas above all was an encouragement wherever he went. His name was Joseph, but everyone today knows him as Barnabas: Son of consolation.